Wednesday, September 2, 2020

Free Essays on High Efficiency Cooling Fan For An Automobile

High Efficiency Cooling Fan for an Automobile A cooling fan for a standard car gives cooling to the radiator when the forward movement of the car isn’t adequate to carry out the responsibility. The fan will be associated with the drive shaft of the motor by a belt. There is a heading in the fan to permit the fan to turn uninhibitedly during unexpected speed changes from the motor. The ignition motor runs all the more productively at higher temperatures, yet in the event that the motor gets too hot you risk harming the motor. The fan helps control the temperature so the motor remains at a decent working temperature of 190-200 degrees F. The reason for this report is depicted beneath in the plan destinations. Structure Objectives: 1. Determine the fundamental plan of the cooling fan and the entirety of the variables it will understanding during utilization. This remembers the powers for the fan, use, the earth, and the most extreme and least working conditions. 2. Study and select at any rate 5 materials for fan produce. Toward the finish of the investigation, select the best material from the five. 3. Consider all elements of every material, including cost, quality, toughness, simplicity of production, and style. Essential Design of the Cooling Fan The motivation behind distinguishing the essential structure of the cooling fan is so I can figure out what materials would have the best qualities for that plan. Contingent on what kind of motor and vehicle you are attempting to cool, the plan may differ from sharp edge size and the quantity of cutting edges required to cool the radiator. To adequately cool the radiator appropriately the fan must have the option to give a progression of air to the whole radiator. The size of most radiators shifts, contingent on the size of the motor and how much coolant must be gone through the motor. Regularly, the greater the motor, the greater the radiator. For this report I will expect that we are attempting to cool a radiator for a V8 motor. A typical radiator... Free Essays on High Efficiency Cooling Fan For An Automobile Free Essays on High Efficiency Cooling Fan For An Automobile High Efficiency Cooling Fan for an Automobile A cooling fan for a standard vehicle gives cooling to the radiator when the forward movement of the car isn’t adequate to carry out the responsibility. The fan will be associated with the drive shaft of the motor by a belt. There is a direction in the fan to permit the fan to turn openly during unexpected speed changes from the motor. The ignition motor runs all the more effectively at higher temperatures, however on the off chance that the motor gets too hot you risk harming the motor. The fan helps control the temperature so the motor remains at a decent working temperature of 190-200 degrees F. The motivation behind this report is portrayed beneath in the structure destinations. Plan Objectives: 1. Determine the fundamental plan of the cooling fan and the entirety of the elements it will understanding during utilization. This remembers the powers for the fan, use, the earth, and the most extreme and least working conditions. 2. Study and select in any event 5 materials for fan fabricate. Toward the finish of the examination, select the best material from the five. 3. Consider all elements of every material, including cost, quality, toughness, simplicity of production, and style. Fundamental Design of the Cooling Fan The reason for recognizing the essential plan of the cooling fan is so I can figure out what materials would have the best attributes for that structure. Contingent on what kind of motor and vehicle you are attempting to cool, the plan may differ from edge size and the quantity of cutting edges required to cool the radiator. To adequately cool the radiator appropriately the fan must have the option to give a progression of air to the whole radiator. The size of most radiators shifts, contingent on the size of the motor and how much coolant must be gone through the motor. Regularly, the greater the motor, the greater the radiator. For this report I will accept that we are attempting to cool a radiator for a V8 motor. A typical radiator...

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Bradley Nowell

Wesley Smith Bradley Nowell Bradley James Nowell was an artist who filled in as lead artist and guitarist of the reggae/punk band Sublime. He kicked the bucket at 28 years old from a heroin overdose. Brought up in Long Beach, California, Nowell built up an enthusiasm for music at a youthful age. His dad took him out traveling to the Virgin Islands during his adolescence, which presented him to reggae and dancehall music. Nowell played in different groups until shaping the gathering Sublime with bassist Eric Wilson and drummer Bud Gaugh.Bradley Nowell was brought up in the Belmont Shore neighborhood of Long Beach, California to Jim and Nancy Nowell, with his sister, Kellie. As a kid, he delighted in surfing and cruising and frequently took part in pontoon races. As Nowell developed, he turned into a troublesome kid and was frequently hyperactive and problematic with his mate Clayton Arbuckle. His mom reviewed that he was â€Å"very passionate, touchy, extremely imaginative, yet he wa s needy†¦ He was continually trying just to perceive what he could escape with†. Nowell's insubordinate conduct expanded when he was ten years of age brought about by his parents’ divorce.His mother was granted authority of Nowell, however saw him as too hard to even consider controlling all alone and he thusly moved in with his dad full-time at age twelve. At thirteen years old, he started playing guitar and began his first band Hogan's Heroes with Eric Wilson, who might later turn into the bassist of Sublime. Nowell and Wilson met in 6th level and lived over the road from one another; during this time, Nowell was depicted as a â€Å"gifted kid with numerous friends†. From the start, Wilson didn't share Nowell's enthusiasm for reggae music.Nowell went to the University of California, Santa Cruz before moving to Cal State Long Beach to consider fund. In any case, he dropped out one semester short of gaining a degree, expressing in 1995 â€Å"I have all the hard classes left†¦ I question I'll ever go back†. As indicated by â€Å"Westwood One Interview† on circle three of the Sublime box set, Nowell got along with bassist Eric Wilson and drummer Bud Gaugh, and started acting in little shows at local gatherings and grills in 1988. The band was frequently driven away from the gatherings they performed at because of over the top commotion, which would bring about neighbors calling the police.Sublime increased a notoriety for their rambunctious conduct and in the long run got one of the most famous groups in Southern California. Notwithstanding their prosperity, music settings were distrustful of the band's mixed melodic combination and many wouldn't book the band. Accordingly, Nowell and Wilson made their own music mark, Skunk Records, and told settings that they were â€Å"Skunk Records recording artists†, which helped the band appear to be progressively cultivated and along these lines book more shows. The band d elivered and circulated Sublime's initial chronicles on the name. The band's demo tapes were later sold at shows and nearby record stores.While on visit in the mid-1990s, Nowell met Troy Dendekker, and they began dating. In September 1994, Troy got pregnant. In June 1995, Dendekker brought forth a child, Jakob James Nowell. Seven days before Nowell kicked the bucket, the couple wedded in a Hawaiian-themed service in Las Vegas. Seven days after Nowell's union with Troy Dendekker on May 18, 1996 Sublime left on a five-day visit through Northern California, with an European and an East Coast visit to follow. On the morning of May 25, at the Ocean View Motel in San Francisco, drummer Bud Gaugh woke up to discover Nowell lying most of the way over a bed, with his knees and feet on the floor.At first, Gaugh expected he had been too inebriated to even consider getting into bed; notwithstanding, further investigation permitted him to see a green film around his mouth, and it became clear th at he had overdosed on heroin. Gaugh called for paramedics, yet Nowell had kicked the bucket a few hours sooner, and was articulated dead at the scene. Nowell was incinerated and his remains were spread over his preferred riding spot in Surfside, California. A tombstone was put at Westminster Memorial in Westminster, California in his memory.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Benefits of computing gross profit on sales in contrast to contribution margin Essay Example for Free

Advantages of registering gross benefit on deals rather than commitment edge Essay The calculation of gross benefit on deals, which can be inferred under the retention costing approach, is a gainfulness measure ordinarily directed under monetary analysis.â This bookkeeping proportion traces the gross benefit produced from each $100 of sales.â Such measure is profoundly helpful in money related examination, since it gives signs on the productivity potential and cost proficiency of the company.â â For example, if there was an expansion in deals of 10%, yet the gross overall revenue declined by 4%. This shows the cost effectiveness of the association crumbled during the period. Â Such investigation can't be led under the commitment edge approach, since net benefit isn't present.â However, under the commitment edge approach one can figure the commitment to deals proportion which shows the commitment decided from each $100 of sales.â This would likewise give signs on the control of variable expenses once thought about after some time. Contrast in Net Income emerging from various methodologies. In the case of ABC Company the benefit under the two strategies is the same.â However, this isn't generally the case.â Profits under the two strategies vary at whatever point there is development in inventory.â This is because of the way that since under the assimilation costing method fixed assembling costs are remembered for the expense of products sold, an extent of fixed costs will be remembered for stock prompting such a distinction. Commitment edge approach not admissible for outer announcing. The commitment edge approach, in spite of being profoundly helpful to give important data to dynamic, isn't satisfactory for outer reporting.â This is because of the way that it doesn't agree to the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). For instance, under the GAAP the pay explanation format ought to unmistakably diagram the gross benefit made by the company.â Under the commitment edge strategy this isn't highlighted.â Another significant motivation behind why the retention approach is reasonable for outside revealing and not the commitment approach is because of the manner by which the pay articulation is grouped. The GAAP express that the pay explanation is grouped by work, as under the ingestion method.â In the commitment approach it is arranged by cost behavior.â Indeed detachment among fixed and variable expenses is made under such strategy. This contentions with another necessity of the GAAP. Reference: Drury C. (1996). The executives and Cost Accounting. Fourth Edition. New York: International Thomson Business Press.

Thursday, June 4, 2020

The Effects of Society on the Individuals Quest for Divine Understanding - Literature Essay Samples

In the novels Invisible Man and Siddhartha, the protagonists find it necessary to completely isolate themselves from the influences of society in order to reach a stage of serene understanding, or enlightenment. Both Siddhartha and the Invisible Man initially seek understanding through following accepted methods. Both, however, eventually find themselves disillusioned with societys techniques and choose to follow the outcasts of their respective civilizations. Despite the changes in their ways, both protagonists finally reach the conclusion that one must forge ones own path in order to reach divine understanding.Siddhartha, son of the Brahman, was his familys prodigy and highly thought of within his community. He was active in religious sacrifices and other sacred practices and was seen as a future prince among the Brahmans. He practiced the art of contemplation, the duty of total concentration (1). Despite all this, Siddhartha failed to be satiated by societys means: Siddhartha had begun to nurture dissatisfaction within himself. He had begun to feel that his fathers love, his mothers love, and also the love of his friend Govinda, would not always and for all time make him happy, content him, sate him, suffice him (2). The overall situation was quite comparable to that of Ralph Ellisons Invisible Man. The Invisible Man was similarly seen as having the potential for becoming something extraordinary. This much was acknowledged even by the whites, although expressed in a sarcastic, patronizing overtone: Gentlemen, you see that I did not overpraise this boy. He makes a good speech and some day hell lead his people in the proper paths (Ellison 32). Both protagonists, despite their shining potential, eventually shun the accepted norms and take their first steps toward separatist organizations. For Siddhartha, this means becoming one of the samanas, homeless beggars who sacrifice all material possessions in the quest for enlightenment. The Invisible Man rebels by joi ning an organization known as the Brotherhood. These changes eventually leave both men unsatisfied however, and they still have a significant distance to travel before they can reach their ultimate enlightenment.Enlistment into these separatist groups was a setback for the respective protagonists, despite the progress they originally intended to make. The Invisible Man first sees the Brotherhood as an excellent opportunity to advance not only himself, but the black race as a whole. This desire to make a difference is what truly gives him the ability to distinguish himself among the other Brothers, and wins him acclaim as a great orator. Lets put it this way, one recruiter for the Brotherhood croons, How would you like to be the new Booker T. Washington? (305) Siddhartha rose to similar acclaim among the samanas, though his eventual dissatisfaction came faster and with more pronouncement:Many things did Siddhartha learn from the samanas; he learned how to take many paths away from se lf. He took the path of liberation from self through pain, through voluntary suffering and conquest of the pain, of hunger, thirst, fatigue. He took the path of liberation from self through meditation, by consciously cmptying his mind of all ideas. He learned to take these and other paths; a thousand times he left his self behind, for hours and days at a time he remained in a state of nonself. But even though the paths led away from self, at the end they always led back to self. (Hesse 8-9)This is where the paths of Siddhartha and the Invisible Man deviate slightly; while the Invisible Man carries on with his flawed organization, Siddhartha slips back into a mainstream life of material pleasures and social pressures. His initially casual involvement with the merchant, Kamaswami, leads to his consumption by societys temptress, wealth. His flirtation with this destabilizing force eventually leads to his downfall, as he retreats further and further into disgust and despair. It is only at his spiritual death that his connections to the social world are irrevocably severed. It is here that both protagonists move into the third and final stage of their quests for enlightenment.In the last stage of their closely mirrored search for divine understanding, the Invisible Man and Siddhartha both come to the realization that true enlightenment must be found by oneself from within, rather than taught by others from outside. The Invisible Mans final revelation comes to him after analyzing the results of the great Harlem riot:And my problem was that I always tried to go in everyones way but my own. I have also been called one thing and then another while no one really wished to hear what I called myself. So after years of trying to adopt the opinions of others I finally rebelled. I am an invisible man. (Ellison 581)The Invisible Mans act of burning the contents of his briefcase serves as a physical realization of his new philosophy of enlightenment. Siddhartha comes to his en lightenment by the river with the ferryman only after renouncing his earlier ways and searching within himself:But more than Vasudeva could teach him, the river taught him. He never stopped learning from it. Above all it taught him how to listen, to listen with a quiet heart, with an open, expectant soul, without passion, without a desire, without judging, without an opinion. (Hesse 57)In this passage, the river serves more as a metaphor for self-reflection than actually being a simple body of water. It is a parallel to Siddharthas life, as Siddharthas prior births did not constitute a past, and his death and his return to Brahma were not a future (Hesse 58).The paths of the Invisible Man and Siddhartha, though separate at times, eventually can be viewed as close parallels to each other, with distinct beginnings, middles, and ends. The Invisible Man at first attends a Negro college, but later signs on with the Brotherhood in an effort to make a difference in peoples lives. Siddharth a strove to find satisfaction by fulfilling his obligations as a Hindu, but later rejected this to learn the path to enlightenment from the samanas. These paths, however, do not lead to their desired result, as they are the paths trodden by others. Both men eventually find it necessary to block out all influences of society or other people in order to discover true inner peace and understanding.

Sunday, May 17, 2020

Why Students Cheat and How to Stop It

Cheating in schools has reached epidemic proportions. The vast majority of young people (and adults for that matter) believe that cheating is wrong. Yet, by nearly every poll, most young people cheat at least once in their high school career. Why students cheat poses a challenging question for educators and parents. Here are some answers to these questions followed by possible solutions to minimize or eliminate cheating. Why Students Cheat Everybody does it: Its disturbing to discover that young people in middle school and high school think that it is acceptable to cheat. But the majority of tests that educators give encourage this behavior. Take multiple-choice tests, for example. They literally invite students to cheat. Unrealistic academic demands: The public education sector is accountable to the government. State legislatures, state boards of education, local boards of education, unions, and countless other organizations demand action to correct the real and imagined failings of the nations public education system. As a result, students must take standardized tests so that officials and parents can compare one school system to another nationally and at the state level. In the classroom, these tests mean that a teacher must achieve the expected results or better, or she will be viewed as ineffective, or worse, incompetent. So instead of teaching students how to think, she teaches them how to pass standardized tests. The temptation to plagiarize: Years ago cheaters lifted whole passages from an encyclopedia and called them their own. That was plagiarism. Plagiarisms current incarnation is even easier: The students simply points and clicks his way to the website with the relevant information, copies and paste it, reformats it somewhat, and passes it off as his own. Possible Solutions Schools need to have zero-tolerance policies concerning cheating. Teachers must be vigilant and alert to all of the newer forms of cheating, particularly electronic cheating. Smartphones and computer tablets  are powerful tools for cheating. Fighting the tools that make it tempting to cheat can be challenging, but if the stakeholders are willing to take the necessary steps, they can help reduce cheating. Teachers:  The best solution is to make learning exciting and absorbing. Teachers should make the learning process student-centric. They should allow students to buy into the process and empower them to guide and direct their learning. Teachers can encourage creativity and critical thinking as opposed to rote learning. There are some specific steps teachers can take: Model integrity, no matter what the cost.Dont assume young people know why cheating is wrong, both from a personal and corporate perspective.Enable students to understand the meaning and relevance of an academic lesson.Foster an academic curriculum that perpetuates real-world applications of knowledge.Dont force cheating underground—let students know that you understand the pressures and, at least initially, be reasonable in responding to violations. Parents:  Parents have a huge role to play in combating cheating. Thats because children mimic almost everything parents do. Parents must set the right sort of example for their children to emulate. Parents must also take a genuine interest in their childrens work. They should ask to see everything and anything and discuss everything and anything. An involved parent is a powerful weapon against cheating. Students:  Students must learn to be true to themselves and their own core values. They should not let peer pressure and other influences steal their dreams. Parents and educators should emphasize that if students are caught cheating, there will be serious consequences. Also, this might seem simplistic, but students need to understand why cheating is wrong. Dr. Thomas Lickona, a developmental psychologist and education professor, defined a few points to emphasize to students about cheating. Lickona says that parents and teachers should explain to students that cheating: Will lower self-respect because you can never be proud of anything you earned by cheating.Is a lie because it deceives other people into thinking you know more than you do.Violates the teachers trust and undermines the whole trust relationship between the teacher and his class.Is unfair to all people who arent cheating.Will lead to more cheating in other situations later in life—perhaps even in personal relationships. Foiling Electronic Cheating When essay topics are generic, there seems to be more opportunity to cheat. By contrast, when the essay topic is specific to class discussions and/or unique to the courses stated goals, it becomes more difficult for students to go to web sources to lift material or download papers. When the teacher expects the papers development to follow a step-by-step process that requires students to document their topic, thesis, outline, sources, rough draft, and final draft, there are fewer opportunities to cheat. If there are regular in-class writing assignments, a teacher can come to know the students writing style, allowing him to recognize plagiarism when it occurs. There are a few steps teachers can take to combat and prevent plagiarism and other electronic cheating: Use a plagiarism detection service like  Turnitin.com  to catch plagiarism.Forbid the use of smart devices in exam rooms.Secure the grade program and database.Look for crib notes anywhere and everywhere. Teachers need to be vigilant. Trust but verify. They must be aware of the possibilities for cheating which are all around them. Sources Lickona, Thomas. â€Å"Character Matters: How to Help Our Children Develop Good Judgment, Integrity, and Other Essential Virtues.†Ã‚  Amazon, Simon Schuster, 2004.Niels, Gary J. â€Å"Academic Practices, School Culture and Cheating Behavior. Winchesterthurston.org.â€Å"NMPLB: Cheating. FlyLady.net.â€Å"One Third of Teens Use Cellphones to Cheat in School.†Ã‚  U.S. News World Report, U.S. News World Report.Sperling, Melanie. â€Å"Cheating: Todays High School Norm?†Ã‚  Wayland Student Press.Wallace, Kelly. â€Å"High-Tech Cheating On The Rise At Schools.†Ã‚  CBS News, CBS Interactive, 17 June 2009. Article edited by  Stacy Jagodowski

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Expectancy Theory of Motivation Essay - 652 Words

The expectancy theory of motivation, which was first produced by Victor Vroom, has become a generally accepted theory for explaining how individuals make decisions concerning different behavioural alternatives. According to Vroom to motivate someone mere offer a person something to satisfy his important needs will not be adequate. In order for the person to be motivated, he must also be convincingly sure that he has the ability to obtain the reward. An employee’s motivation increases when he values a particular outcome greatly and when he feels a reasonably good chance of achieving the desired goal. This definition states that: Any individual acts in a way to reach a maximal effect with a minimal effort. The first major expectancy†¦show more content†¦Hirokawa and Scheerhorn (1986) developed a model of group decision-making that supports general expectancy theory concepts. This model shows how groups come to decisions, which factors outcome in decisions, and how individual group members affect quality of the decisions. Also, studies shows that treating people as a group may have many benefits, but it also has many objectionable consequences (Hansen 1997). One of the major consequences is that individuals are proven to show less effort when performing collectively than when performing individually. In ASKExpert case, Liz is an experienced system analyst and frequently absent from project meetings, by using Expectancy theory that supports decision-making in groups, it would help Liz to be more comfortable in project meetings. She can gather information from other employees’ of the company in addition to her own knowledge. The Expectancy Theory is a predictor of work motivation, effort expenditure and Job Performance. In the case of ASKExpert, a experienced program tester made a sudden resignation, leaving the company to seek another employee who doesn’t know the company procedures, therefore leaving the company in vulnerable position. Based on expectancy models of employee motivation fo und in the human resources management literature, it emphasizes the importance of providing employees with an understanding of what is expected of them if they are to contribute to service production and delivery, the capacityShow MoreRelatedThe Expectancy Theory of Motivation670 Words   |  3 PagesIn today’s workforce there are many reasons why individuals get up every day and go to work. For most it is because they have bills to pay and this leads to their motivation to work is for the outcome of a paycheck. That is true for most, but how does motivation apply to an individual once they are at work and must perform their daily duties? No matter that is painting houses or a high level CIO building the backbone of a fortune 500 company, these individuals’ performances are based on their expectationsRead MoreExpectancy Theory of Motivation670 Words   |  3 PagesExpectancy Theory of Motivation In a business, what motivates employees to do their best? One theory that may explain the reasons why some employees seem more motivated than others is the Expectancy theory of motivation. The Expectancy theory operates under the assumption that employees will perform well based on self-belief and how much they desire the rewards their actions will render. Three key components and relationships in this theory determine how motivated an employee will choose to be:Read MoreExpectancy Theory of Motivation714 Words   |  3 PagesExpectancy Theory of Motivation, an approach to improving performance. Mark R. 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Motivation is the process that accounts for an individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence of effort towards attaining a goal. In this paper, I will use the Vroom Expectancy Motivation Theory to explain Jeannine Savaria’s motivation and what can her supervisor do to improve her motivation. Savaria’s motivation can be supported through the Vroom Expectancy Motivation Theory. This theory links the performanceRead MoreThe Expectancy Theory Of Employee Motivation868 Words   |  4 Pages This approach of recognizing and rewarding employees for their performance was first introduced by Victor Vroom in 1964 known as the Expectancy Theory. When employees are engaged they will exceed organizational expectations and function with a sense of ownership in their place of employment (Malik, (2012). Hema and Washington (2014) state, employee motivation is gained when subordinates are empowered; giving staff power and authority to make the choices without having to wait for management’sRead MoreMotivation, Self Determination Theory, And Expectancy Theory863 Words   |  4 Pages(2001-2016). Motivational theories can help support an employee to progress in the workplace; a few theories such as Extrinsic Motivation, Intrinsic Motivation, Acquired Needs Theory, Self -Determination theory, and expectancy theory relate to my professional life. I will explain if I agree/disagree with my PsyCap self-assessment and some developing strategies to advance in my career using my strengths. Also, I will talk about how I can employ goal-setting to increase motivation, and how my engagementsRead MoreExpectancy Theory of Motivation at Use in the Workplace1229 Words   |  5 Pages1 EXPECTANCY THEORY OF MOTIVATION AT USE IN THE WORKPLACE Leadership Concepts and Applications LET1 Student#: March 30, 2012 2 What is Motivation? Motivation is a word popularly used to explain why people behave as they do. Some psychologists and scientists view motivation as the factor that determines behavior, as expressed in the phrase â€Å"all behavior is motivated† (World Book, 1992). Some scientists view motivation as the factor that energizes behavior. According to this

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Personal Statement French Studies free essay sample

Dear Sir, Dear Madam, I am writing in application for a place in your graduate program, namely the Ph. D. in French Studies with a concentration in Language and Identity, to start in the fall of 2006. I am currently completing my Master 1 at the Sorbonne University (Paris Ill), having also acquired my B. A. (Licence) in that institution. My Bachelors and my current Masters at the Sorbonne primarily consist of the study of French literature and dramaturgical texts from the 16th up until the present day. I have had the opportunity to study in depth classic authors uch as Moliere, Racine or Corneille. I have been especially marked by the latter author in his tragedy Le Cid. My education has also included the works of Rousseau, Beaumarchais, Montesquieu, Hugo, Zola Chateaubriand, Apollinaire, Aragon and other 18th to 20th Century writers. Many of the ideas advanced by these 18th Century writers went on to play a tremendous role in shaping France and Europe via their influence on the revolutionaries of 1789. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Statement French Studies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Hugo and Zola also influenced their generation by exposing societal injustice in their works, most notably n Germinaland Les Miserables. Throughout my high school and university education I have studied foreign languages such as French and English. I have always had a particular passion for France (where I have lived for several years) and French culture and language. I was admitted to the Perm State University in order to learn French. In order to broaden my knowledge I enthusiastically took up the opportunity to move to France, where I have spent most of the last five years of my life, working and studying at the same time. When I arrived in France, I worked as an au pair (alongside my studies), as well as for a tour operator. I have also taught French to both teenagers and adults while in Russia, and Russian and French whilst in France. These experiences have greatly aided me in developing my teaching and communication capabilities. I also have a long-standing interest for history, art and politics, both within Europe, the US, the former Soviet Union and the wider world. I have found these interests to be extremely helpful when studying literature, ocieties and cultures during my education, as they enable one to understand the underlying meaning of texts which are at times hidden, or to place such texts in their broader context. During my education I have closely studied the evolution of the treatment of women in both France and Russia. It seems natural for me to advance as a thesis proposal comparative research into the influence of French and American 20th Century literature on the condition of women in France and the US, and to determine the impact that this had on other groups of society. This topic would allow me to examine issues ranging from personal and group identities to politics and philosophy. I will also be able to bring into such research my own background, as I have also studied extensively Russian authors like Chekhov who also focus on these issues in plays like Three Sisters or Uncle Vanya. I take a great interest in research work, may it be for my courses at university or during my internship in New Orleans, and find it both challenging and extremely rewarding. I have always wanted o graduate from such a prominent institution as Tulane University, which has a well- deserved reputation for excellence. More specifically, study in New Orleans, with Ph. D. in French Studies from Tulane University would constitute both a highly beneficial experience for me and an additional step towards becoming an expert in French literary culture and thought, possibly working in the academic field or within the broader intellectual community. am motivated and extremely hard working, and would relish the opportunity to study at your institution. I am grateful for your consideration.