Literature Review - Low Self-Control, Gender, and Perscription Essay

Literature Review - Low Self-Control, Gender, and Perscription Painkiller Abuse - Essay Example In many cases other prescription drugs such as psychotropic medications, narcotic analgesics, and even non-narcotic analgesics are also substances of abuse. Wide accessibility of analgesics over the counter and without prescription has led to a situation where these drugs are very commonly abused and often unnoticed, mainly due to cultural attitudinal tolerance. This points to the fact that no matter how great the prevailing degree of cultural attitudinal tolerance for addictive practices is, or how strong individual personality predispositions are, nobody can become addicted to these drugs without access to them. The crucial and determinative predisposing factor, which, therefore, constitutes the most acceptable basis for the nosological categorizing of these analgesic addicts, is the possession of those idiosyncratic or developmental personality traits for which these drugs could have adjustive properties. Chief among these effects is euphoria, which is highly adjustive for inadequ ate personalities, that is, motivationally immature individuals lacking in such criteria of ego maturity as long-range goals, a sense of responsibility, self-reliance and initiative, volitional and executive independence, frustration tolerance, and the ability to defer the gratification of immediate hedonistic needs for the sake of achieving long-term goals. Studies have uncovered in the life histories of such addicts, overpermissive or underdominating, overprotecting, and overdominating parents that tend to foster the development of the inadequate personality syndrome. Psychosocial and psychopharmacological research has pointed to several factors that may predispose to such addictions in suitably vulnerable population, and in this review, several relevant articles will be critically reviewed in order to update knowledge and evidence in this area of study. Recent literature in this area of study has been selected and

Define Accounting and Bookkeeping and compare and contrast the role of Essay

Define Accounting and Bookkeeping and compare and contrast the role of Professional Accountants and Bookkeepers - Essay Example The book also described the use of journals and ledgers. Accountancy contained two parts bookkeeping and accounting. Both became useful to the merchants and the professional from time to time. It plays an important function in recording the financial transaction of an organization. It provides information to a whole range of users. The essay elaborates basics of accountancy and the use of accountancy in different areas of management by the accountants and the bookkeepers (Gazely and Lambert, 2006) Accounting and Bookkeeping Accountancy does the task of maintaining records and it also involves in preparation of financial reports for a particular business. It also involves in auditing those reports. It is concerned with the knowledge, practices and the principles of accounting for meeting the general needs of a running business. According to Kohler â€Å"Accountancy refers to the entire body of the theory and practices of accounting† (A. Goyal and M. Goyal, 2009). The term accou ntancy can be divided into two parts: Accounting and Bookkeeping. Accounting Accounting basically deals with the provision or measurement of assurance of the financial information that are used by a number of users such as the lenders, investors, managers and the decision makers of a particular organization (Fitzpatrick, 2010). According to American Accounting Association it is â€Å"a process of identifying, measuring and communicating information to permit judgment and decisions by the users† (Khan and Jain, 2007). It also measures the different economic activities which are responsible for affecting both the inflow and outflow of the resources of the economy. It serves as a language to the business as it communicates its results to the business (Hugh and Hobbs, 2005). There are certain characteristics of accounting which are as follows: Accounting concerns of only the financial transactions and are expressed in terms of money. The information which cannot be expressed in t erm of money cannot be included in the books of accounts. After the identification of the financial information these are recorded in the books of accounts. Journal is known as the primary book of accounts in which all the information is recorded at first. When information are vast then the book of accounts is sub-divided into a number of various books such as Sales book, Purchase Book, Sales Return Books, Cash Book and many more (Stittle and Wearing, 2008) After recording of the financial data, they are classified into different groups of data which are of same nature. The book in which these are recorded are known as the Ledger. After classifying the data, they are summarized and presented in a manner that is understood by a layman also. This process is concerned with the preparation of Profit and loss account, trial balance and balance sheet. The information thus got from the summarization of the data is to be analysed to get a result. Ratio analysis is a very common tool for ana lysis and thus it helps both the management and the external users to take their decisions. The result thus communicates some information to the interested party and they can take an appropriate decision (Warren, 2009). There are different types of accounting which are as follows: Financial accounting concentrates on only those transactions that have already occurred in the past. The main aim of this type of accounting is to

Research has been done to determine Essay Example for Free

Research has been done to determine Essay A lot of research has been done to determine whether short-term memory works better in the morning or afternoon. In a study, 16-18-year-olds (sixth form students of Battersea park school) were administered to take part in a word test to assess their short-term memory. Results of this were analyzed. Null Hypothesis: learning in the morning is more effective Alternative hypothesis: learning in the afternoon is more effective. Introduction To learn new things, to store experiences and to adapt to new circumstances these characteristics of the brain enable us the daily survival . This special flexibility of the brain is reached through constant making and breaking contact between nerve cells. Whenever we learn something, the connections between nerve cells, (synapses) change. At this point, the Axon of a nerve cell and the Dendrite of the neighbouring cell meet. The centre for brain research of the medical University of Vienna is currently involved in two researches that contribute to the clarification of the processes in memory. They had tested the article (of researchers at the Harvard Medical School), which is called a key experiment. It was found that a Micro RNA and the accompanying messenger RNA exist at the contact point of synapses. What are Micro- and messenger RNA? It is a different form of the Ribonucleic acid. As a messenger RNA (mRNA), one is already more familiar with for a long time: It functions as a messenger, transports a message of the DNA often, but not always from a gene out of the cell nucleus into the cytoplasm. There the message is translated often, but not always into a protein. One knows micro RNAs for the least in time: They consist only of 21 bases respectively, and they are not translated into proteins. They rather check an mRNA in that they cause or prevent that the mRNA is translated into a protein. So they are regulators. For example just at a synapse, as long as there a micro RNA on a certain mRNA, it is not translated into a protein. If the micro RNA falls away, the protein emerges and the synapse changes its form and also the signal forwarding. In other words we can say that the nerve cell learned something. In the journal of Cell Biology (172, p. 221) Kiebler describes a second factor that is necessary, with a synapse function: Staufen 2: That is a protein that is responsible for the carrying of mRNA along the cell skeleton to the synapse. It brings RNAs to where they are needed. Neurons which are missing the protein Staufen2 have less synapses, and the signal transmission between them is disturbed. An important notice on that, is that Staufen 2 for the education of functioning Synapses is crucial, says Kiebler ( researcher). If what we have learned is forgotten, long-term connections become out of contact of the connection points. German Neurobiologist worked on the correlation between the outgrowing of the connections of cells, the so-called thorns and the building of functioning synapses. In order to be able to follow the outgrowing of thorns, the cells in the near surrounding area of the stimuli were observed using a high resolution two-Photon-microscope. An electron microscope was used in order to review whether the variations in the nerve cells actually led to the origin of new synapses. Within few minutes after the current impulse, the encouraged nerve cells opened the gate to a new discovery. These thin thorns do not grow spontaneously (as they thought), but rather grow towards possible contact partners. Within the first eight hours no piece of information can be exchanged between the newly emerged cell contacts. Not until the following hours it is decides whether a connection remains exist or disappears. For sure, those contacts, that are still available after 24 hours, have fully functioning synapses which can transfer information and have a good chance to exist after several days. Then the reconstruction in the brain is locked evidently. Which parts of the brain remember which type of memory?

Gender and the Internet Essays -- Technology Computers Web Essays

Gender and the Internet The internet can be a very good source of information, but it can also altar information enough to make it unreal. Feminist sites are no exception to this. Many sites in fact use virtual rendering to altar images in addition to text. There are various topics dealing with feminism and issues involving females, some are well approached and others are not. Women do not tend to have the same type of relationship with their automobiles as men do. In Virginia Scharff’s article, â€Å"Femininity and the Electric car†, this relationship between women and cars is explained in depth. Two websites that show how women look at automobiles are, www.womanmotorist.com and www.cybergrrl.com/fun/womenandcars/. www.womanmotorist.com differs in many ways from Scharff’s article, but is a very good website. This site does not directly say that women drive only certain types of cars. Instead it talks about things such as women and professional racing and even has a section on performance cars. In Scharff’s article it mentions that â€Å"It can be roundly stated without fear of contradiction that the times a woman wants to run an electric 30 miles an hour, are few and far between†¦.It is an unnecessarily fast speed for pleasure driving†¦.If the car you select has a maximum speed of 25 miles on the level, it goes quite fast enough.†(Scharff pg 81) On the website the views are different and show how much things have changed from the article. When addressing the female market, automakers are beginning to admit that "women" are not a single, homogeneous market. Until just a few years ago, all women were categorized as "mothers." Now they are seen as generation X-ers, college students, sports car intenders, 8-5ers, baby boom... ....plasticsurgery4u.com/ http://www.ienhance.com/gallery/default.asp http://www.malepregnancy.com http://www.ivf.com Bad Websites: www.cybergrrl.com/fun/womenandcars www.plastic-surgery.net http://www.advancedfertility.com/ivf.htm http://www.ivf.org http://www.ifi.uio.no/~thomas/po/cryobortion.html Morgan, Kathy Pauly. â€Å"Women and the Knife† Sex/Machine. Indiana University Press, 1998 Overall, Christine. â€Å"New Reproductive Technology: Some Implications for the Abortion Issue.† Sex/Machine. Indiana University Press, 1998 Scharff, Virginia. â€Å"Femininity and the Electric Car† Sex/Machine. Indiana University Press, 1998 Stone, Allucquere Rosanne. â€Å"In Novel Conditions† Sex/Machine. Indiana University Press, 1998 Terisi, Dick and McAuliffe, Kathleen. â€Å"Male Pregnancy† Sex/Machine. Indiana University Press, 1998

Go Blank Yourself Essay

Why students flunk out of college can not be pin pointed to one thing. There are very many reasons why people drop out of college like for instance, a student may be too overwhelmed with his or her whole college schedule. Also, a student may also be overwhelmed with his or her work schedule on top of their busy college classes. Another reason students may drop out of school is because of personal problems, whether it may be family related or a relationship problems, they to can be very stressful on a student. Why students flunk out of college can not be pin pointed to one thing. There are very many reasons why people drop out of college like for instance, a student may be too overwhelmed with his or her whole college schedule. Also, a student may also be overwhelmed with his or her work schedule on top of their busy college classes. Another reason students may drop out of school is because of personal problems, whether it may be family related or a relationship problems, they to can be very stressful on a student. Why students flunk out of college can not be pin pointed to one thing. There are very many reasons why people drop out of college like for instance, a student may be too overwhelmed with his or her whole college schedule. Also, a student may also be overwhelmed with his or her work schedule on top of their busy college classes. Another reason students may drop out of school is because of personalWhy students flunk out of college can not be pin pointed to one thing. There are very many reasons why peWhy students flunk out of college can not be pin pointed to one thing. There are very many reasons why people drop out of college like for instance, a student may be too overwhelmed with his or her whole college schedule. Also, a student may also be overwhelmed with his or her work schedule on top of their busy college classes. AnothWhy students flunk out of college can not be pin pointed to one thing. There are very many reasons why people drop out of college like for instance, a student may be too verwhelmed with his or her whole college schedule. Also, a student may also be overwhelmed with his or her work schedule on top of their busy college classes. Another reason students may drop out of school is because of personal problems, whether it may be family related or a relationship problems, they to can be very stressful on a student. er reason students may drop out of school is because of personal problems, whether it may be family related or a re lationship problems, they to can be very stressful on a student. ple drop out of college like for instance, a student may be too overwhelmed with his or her whole college schedule. Also, a student may also be overwhelmed with his or her work schedule on top of their busy college classes. Another reason students may drop out of school is because of personal problems, whether it may be family related or a relationship problems, they to can be very stressful on a student. Why students flunk out of college can not be pin pointed to one thing. There are very many reasons why people drop out of college like for instance, a student may be too overwhelmed with his or her whole college schedule. Also, a student may also be overwhelmed with his or her work schedule on top of their busy college classes. Another reason students may drop out of school is because of personal problems, whether it may be family related or a relationship problems, they to can be very stressful on a student. problems, whether it may be family related or a relationship problems, they to can be very stressful on a student.

Health and Social Care Level 3 Unit 1 P1 - 1376 Words

Effective Communications in Health and Social Care Within this essay, the role of effective communication and interpersonal interaction in a health and social care context will be explained. It will also be linked to experiences in work placements for example, may be at a care home for adults with learning disabilities, and physical disabilities. The five contexts which will be researched are; one to one communication, group communication, multi agency working, multi professional working also communication with professionals. The research will prove that all these different contexts have different methods of communicating with the other person, or people. Furthermore the research will also suggest how to get effective communication in the†¦show more content†¦Another interpersonal skill is multi professional working, it is when professionals from different backgrounds have to work together in order to determine and to meet the needs of the people who use the services. The fact that these professionals are all from many diffe rent backgrounds the communication will need to be formal and carefully planned to avoid barriers to understanding. The main method of communication you may use in a multi professional working context, is oral communication, but they may also use written communication for writing formal letters, requests etc. When communicating with professionals there could always be a risk of misunderstanding because the service users and the professional may both be from different language communities; this is why when communicating you must always check that you are being understood correctly, and the other person must always ask them if they understand what is being said. The communication methods that may be used to communicate with health and social care professionals are; oral communication, written communication and technology may also be used. 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217353875 Case Study 20 Target Corporation - 2342 Words

Target Corporation Patrick Cunningham M03619570 Professor John Phelps, Ph.D. February 6, 2014 Executive Summary: This case study analyzed five different projects Target Corporation had to decide on capital spent for which project created the most value and the most growth for the company and its shareholders. By analyzing the financial statements and exhibits of each project, I was able to determine the positives and negatives of each of these alternatives. The alternatives were Gopher Place, Whalen Court, The Barn, Goldie’s Square, or Stadium Remodel. The recommendation provided for Target Corporation is choosing the Stadium Remodel project. There were three main factors used for choosing this project. First, its low†¦show more content†¦The positives of this project are that it has the highest NPV, highest total RP sales, highest population, and highest percent of adults with four plus years of college. First, Whalen Court not only has the highest NPV but they have the greatest opportunity. If sales increase by 10% it would be over $16 million more than the prototype. Second, this projects sales could be by far the greater than the prototypes of any other projects. The 1st and 5th year sales equivalents would be over $52 and $69 million respectively. Compare this to the other projects and they are 10’s of millions more. Third, the Whalen Court project has the highest population at 632,000, which means they have the largest customer pool. Their population is almost three times greater than the second closest project. Lastly, this project has the highest percentage of adults with four plus years of college. This is very important because these are the customers Target is trying to attract the most. Now, there are some negatives of this project as well. First, the investment size is much greater than the typical prototype. It is actually 409% (Appendix 1) more than the prototype. The next closest project is only 31% more, which makes this project very concerning. Next, is the building cost versus the prototype. The project is for a lease of a buildin g and the cost are very high compared to the other projects at over $15 million more than the prototype. Add in the fact that Target usually